123 lines
2.9 KiB
Markdown
123 lines
2.9 KiB
Markdown
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# Which factors affect a business?
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## Economical
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- Growth
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- Availability and distribution of Ressources
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- Preisentwicklung (Inflation/Deflation)
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- Politics, Taxes and Currencies
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## Sociocultural
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- Cultural Guidelines
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- Educational level
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- Demographical Factors
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- Distribution of income
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## Legal
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- Political System
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- Regulations
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- Goverment/Laws
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- Subsidies
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## Technological
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- Maturity of technology
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- Availability and access to technology
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- Technological innovations
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# Economical
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- Ressources, Demand/Supply
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# Microconomical
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- Specific marketsectors, wheat, oil, steel
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- Business Spending
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# Macroeconomical
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- GDP, Inflation, Unemployment rate
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**IMF - International Monetary Fond**
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- Worlds largest financial institution
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- Decisions affect many countries
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- Loans money
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- Control of exchange policies
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# GDP
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Measure of the material well-being of a society.
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Its the value of goods and services produced within a country during a certain time period, mostly annual.
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*Final Goods* are goods that are not meant for further processing but for consumption.
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GDP = Consumer + Investment + Public Spending + Export/Import
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*Consumption*: Food, Housing, Leisure
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*Investment:* Raw Materials, Machines, Facilities
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*Public Spending:* Infastructure, Health, Education
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*Export-Import*: Outside Sales, Outside Buying -> Balance of trade
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## Nominal GDP
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- Current Prices (yearly)
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## Real GDP
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- Constant Prices (compared to base year)
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# GNP
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Produced by citizens of a country
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Products which enter the
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Gross National Product
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# **CPI** - Consumer Price Index
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Measures the evolution of prices of goods and services consumed by the population resident in family homes in Spain.
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How much is the cost of shopping?
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Purchasing Power Indicator
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Helps answer questions like:
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*How much should we raise salary?*
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*How much are the pensions going up?*
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## How it is calculated?
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Weighted Average of the Prices of a “shopping basket”
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Products are sorted into 12 groups:
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1. Food and non-alcoholig beverages
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2. Alcoholic beverages and tobacco
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3. Dress and footwear
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4. Housing
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5. Household
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6. Medicine
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7. Transport
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8. Communication
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9. Leisure and culture
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10. Teaching
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11. Hotels, cafes and restaurants
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12. Other goods and services
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**[HCPI](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harmonised_Index_of_Consumer_Prices)**
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The Harmonised Index of Consumer Prices is an indicator of inflation and price stability for the European Central Bank. It is a consumer price index which is compiled according to a methodology that has been harmonised across EU countries.
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# Inflation
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Rate of Inflation is calculated by the change of the CPI.
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Rising/Falling of the prices
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*Why do the prices fluctuate?*
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Theory: Demand vs Availability
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### Inflation
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- Loss of purchasing power
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- Loss of competetivness
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### Deflation
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- Reduce in demand
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# Unemployment Rate
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It is the percentage of the active population which is not working.
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6% is about the normal level at which there is equilibrium in the market for
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work, depends on the country.
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