feat: start diode chapter

Areas/electricity/formulas.md

@@ -33,6 +33,9 @@ $$
 ***Tip:***
 If resistors of the same value are in parallel the total resistance is a single resistor divided by the amount if resistors.
 
+## Thevenin’s Theorem 
+States that it is possible to simplify any linear circuit, no matter how complex, to an equivalent circuit with just a single voltage source and series resistance connected to a load.
+
 # Kirchhoff's Law
 
 ## Conservation of Charge (First Law)
@@ -67,6 +70,7 @@ $\displaystyle \frac{1}{C_{t}} = \frac{1}{C_{1}}+\frac{1}{C_{2}}+\frac{1}{C_{3}}
 $$
 \begin{flalign}
 &Z = \sqrt{R^2 + X^2} &\\\
+\\
 &X = X_{L} - X_{C} \\ 
 \end{flalign}
 $$

Areas/electricity/parts/capacitors/impedance-reactance.md

@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ $$
 The Problem is, we can't just simply add up R1 and Xc, because Xc is shifted by 90°. We need to add them up as Vectors:
 
 $$
-Re = \sqrt{R1^2+Xx^2}
+R_{e} = \sqrt{R1^2+X_{c}^2}
 $$
 
 Lets fill in the numbers from the circuit above and test it out:

Areas/electricity/parts/diodes.md

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+# Diode
+![[diode.png]]
+
+A perfect diode would only allow current to pass through in one directions, in the real world that is not always the case. Diodes have around three regions in which they operate.
+
+![[diode-regions.png|400]]
+
+Each diode needs a certain amount of voltage across its terminals to transmit any current, this voltage is called the forward voltage $V_{F}$. When the Voltage over the diode is below a certain level (Breakdown Voltage, $V_{BR}$) the diode will allow current to pass from the cathode to the anode.
+
+## Types of Diodes
+There are a lot of different types of diodes.
+
+![[diode-symbols.png]]
+
+#### Small Signal Diodes
+
+Silicon/Germanium Diodes
+
+![[diode-regions-germanium.png]]
+
+#### Power Diode
+These handle higher voltage and higher current than the small signal diodes. These diodes normally dont handle frequencies above 1Hz.
+
+#### Schottky Diode
+These normally have a really small forward voltage drop.
+
+#### Zener Diode
+Consists of a silicon PN-Junction

Areas/electricity/parts/diodes/example.md

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# Diode Example
+
+![[1N4148.pdf]]