feat: archive electricity

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max_richter 2022-04-15 14:51:51 +02:00
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Resources/dev/tmux.md Normal file
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# TMUX
| ShortCut | Action |
|---------------|------------|
| Prefix+Ctrl+O | Swap Panes |

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# AC (Alternating Current) # AC (Alternating Current)
![](./assets/wave.gif) ![](wave.gif)
A few important characteristics of an AC Signal: A few important characteristics of an AC Signal:
@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ The difference between the highest and lowest peak.
## Root Mean Square Values ## Root Mean Square Values
This helps calculating the current an equivalent DC Signal would need to provide the same amount of power. This helps calculating the current an equivalent DC Signal would need to provide the same amount of power.
![](./assets/rms.gif) ![](rms.gif)
$$ $$
\begin{flalign} \begin{flalign}

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@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ Browser ^8G0ZtAAK
# Embedded files # Embedded files
7f38f53feb6c797675e3f24fa22a89a899ceaddc: [[Areas/electricity/assets/Pasted Image 20220330151250_777.png]] 7f38f53feb6c797675e3f24fa22a89a899ceaddc: [[Pasted Image 20220330151250_777.png]]
%% %%
# Drawing # Drawing

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@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ We can also see that for the RL LowPass Filter the positions of the resistor and
**Example:** **Example:**
Lets design a RC LowPass Filter with a [[glossary#Cutoff Frequency|Cutoff Frequency]] of $15.9kHz$. The Formular for calculating the cutoff frequency is the following: Lets design a RC LowPass Filter with a [[Resources/electricity/glossary#Cutoff Frequency|Cutoff Frequency]] of $15.9kHz$. The Formular for calculating the cutoff frequency is the following:
![[formulas#Cutoff Frequency for RC Filters]] ![[formulas#Cutoff Frequency for RC Filters]]

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**Example:** **Example:**
![](./assets/kirchhoffs-law-01.svg) ![](kirchhoffs-law-01.svg)
For this circuit kirchhoffs law states that: For this circuit kirchhoffs law states that:

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### Example 1 ### Example 1
**Example:** **Example:**
![](../assets/kirchhoffs-law-02.svg) ![](kirchhoffs-law-02.svg)
For this circuit this means. For this circuit this means.

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@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ We can also represent these impedances as seperated things:
# [[glossary#Input Impedance Z_ in|Input Impedance]] # [[Resources/electricity/glossary#Input Impedance Z_ in|Input Impedance]]
Input impedance is the impedance seen by anything connected to the input of a circuit. It is the combined effect of all resistance, capacitance and inductance connected to the input side of the circuit. Input impedance is the impedance seen by anything connected to the input of a circuit. It is the combined effect of all resistance, capacitance and inductance connected to the input side of the circuit.
@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ We can use the voltage divtider equation to calculate the voltage that is availa
![[voltage-dividers#Simple Voltage Divider#Equation]] ![[voltage-dividers#Simple Voltage Divider#Equation]]
# [[glossary#Output Impedance Z_ out|Output Impedance]] # [[Resources/electricity/glossary#Output Impedance Z_ out|Output Impedance]]
The output impedance is the combined effect of all resistors, capacitors and inductors connected to the output inside the circuit. The output impedance is the combined effect of all resistors, capacitors and inductors connected to the output inside the circuit.

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@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
# Learning Analog Hardware # Learning Analog Hardware
[Glossary](./glossary.md) [Glossary](Resources/electricity/glossary.md)
[Formulas](./formulas.md) [Formulas](formulas.md)
## Building Blocks ## Building Blocks
- [LED](./led) - [LED](./led)

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# Capacitors # Capacitors
Capacity is measured in [[glossary#Farad|Farads]]. Capacity is measured in [[Resources/electricity/glossary#Farad|Farads]].
Capacity is calculated as follows: Capacity is calculated as follows:
@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ $$
$$ $$
![](../assets/Parallel_plate_capacitor.svg) ![](Parallel_plate_capacitor.svg)
### Important Metrics ### Important Metrics
@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ The capacity is not always exact, the tolerance describes how much it could vary
- low current leakage and ESR - low current leakage and ESR
- best for high frequency coupling - best for high frequency coupling
![](../assets/ceramic-capacitor.webp) ![](ceramic-capacitor.webp)
## Aluminium and Tantalum Electrolytic ## Aluminium and Tantalum Electrolytic
@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ The capacity is not always exact, the tolerance describes how much it could vary
- Capacity usuially $1\micro F - 1mF$ - Capacity usuially $1\micro F - 1mF$
- Good for high voltage - Good for high voltage
![](../assets/tantalum-capacitor.jpg) ![](tantalum-capacitor.jpg)
## Super Capacitors ## Super Capacitors

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@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ $Xc = \textit{Capacity in } \ohm$
f = Frequency in Hertz f = Frequency in Hertz
C = Capacitance in Farads C = Capacitance in Farads
![](../../assets/graphXC.gif) ![](graphXc.gif)
Higher Frequence $\Rightarrow$ Lower Current Flow Higher Frequence $\Rightarrow$ Lower Current Flow
Higher Capacitance $\Rightarrow$ Lower Current Flow Higher Capacitance $\Rightarrow$ Lower Current Flow
@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ $$
## Reality ## Reality
In reality capacitors are not perfect, they are more like: In reality capacitors are not perfect, they are more like:
![](../../assets/rlc-capacitor.svg) ![](rlc-capacitor.svg)
So the have a $ESR$ and $X_{C}$ and $X_{L} / ESL$ So the have a $ESR$ and $X_{C}$ and $X_{L} / ESL$
@ -84,8 +84,8 @@ $$
Due to this the frequency to impedance curve of real capacitors look something like this. Due to this the frequency to impedance curve of real capacitors look something like this.
![](../../assets/EMC-9_graf_01.gif) ![](EMC-9_graf_01.gif)
When we add multiple capacitors we can get a curve looking like this When we add multiple capacitors we can get a curve looking like this
![](../../assets/rlc-capacitor-multiple.png) ![](rlc-capacitor-multiple.png)

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@ -41,9 +41,9 @@ In words this means after 47 seconds the capacitor will be at 63% of the input v
We can use capacitors to filter out any signal above a certain frequency in a signal. This is called a low pass filter. This is usefull to filter out noise in a signal for example. We can use capacitors to filter out any signal above a certain frequency in a signal. This is called a low pass filter. This is usefull to filter out noise in a signal for example.
![](../../assets/low-pass-filter.png) ![](low-pass-filter.png)
![](../../assets/low-pass-cutoff.png) ![](low-pass-cutoff.png)
We can see here that the high frequencies are reduced, while the low frequencies keep their strength. Above a certain frequency the signal is reduced by 70%, that point is called the cutoff frequency. We can calculate that point like this: We can see here that the high frequencies are reduced, while the low frequencies keep their strength. Above a certain frequency the signal is reduced by 70%, that point is called the cutoff frequency. We can calculate that point like this:
$$ $$

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